This discussion paper puts forward a set of lessons learned and recommendations for referral mechanisms and case management for vulnerable children in the Eastern and Southern Africa region (ESAR). This paper concludes a regional study that reviewed regional knowledge, understandings and practice with respect to referral mechanisms and case management – exploring what they mean and do at present and what their future potential may be in responding to the multiple risks and needs of vulnerable children.

The debate on referral mechanisms and case management for vulnerable children, and how they can ensure positive outcomes, is extremely pertinent and timely. Momentum is growing around the need for the responses to vulnerable children to take a systems approach rather than relying on fragmented service delivery.