This paper examines the challenges of moving towards greater interoperability between humanitarian and social assistance programmes in Yemen. In a protracted conflict that has created huge humanitarian needs, international aid agencies and donors have provided a complex combination of humanitarian assistance and support to a pre-war social protection system on a large scale. In a challenging environment of insecurity, divided government, manipulation of aid and limits to the ability to engage with de-facto authorities, there has been very little progress in moving towards interoperability between different programmes’ systems. The result is fragmented assistance with little clarity on the degrees of overlap and exclusion.
