Huge economic and social changes in China over the last couple of decades have allowed greater space for a diversity of expressions of love and desire, and for civil society to organise around these issues. Civil society activism, the internet, economic growth, and a shift from moralistic to pragmatic policymaking by government have all played a role – as has international donor funding. China’s experience shows that work on sexuality can help to reduce HIV /AIDS, combat discrimination and marginalisation, and promote gender equality and well-being. Drawing on interviews with donors and activists in China, this Policy Briefing outlines lessons to be learnt for donors to constructively support work on sexuality.