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Smart City Surveillance in Africa: Mapping Chinese AI Surveillance Across 11 Countries

Published on 12 March 2026

This report provides the most comprehensive account to date of smart city surveillance in Africa. Expert researchers draw on their contextual experience of their own countries in detailed reports on Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

The research focuses on the use of smart surveillance technologies in public spaces – including facial recognition and vehicle number plate recognition – and the analysis of this data, often using AI, at centralised control centres.

The research traces the evolution of surveillance from colonial-era intelligence networks to today’s digitally enabled public spaces monitoring systems. It identifies the key actors, including government departments and agencies, foreign technology companies, and local private sector actors involved in the supply and implementation of Smart Cities.

Cite this publication

Wakabi, W. and Roberts, T. (eds) (2026) Smart City Surveillance in Africa: Mapping Chinese AI Surveillance Across 11 Countries, Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, DOI: 10.19088/IDS.2025.068

Authors

Tony Roberts

Research Fellow

Wairagala Wakabi

Afef Abrougui

Joseph Antwi-Boasiako

Jake Okechukwu Effoduh

Odeh Friday

Yosr Jouini Roberts

Victor Kapiyo

Roukaya Kasenally

Thobekile Matimbe

Richard Ngamita

Bulanda T. Nkhowani

Juliet Tembo

Dercio Tsandzana

Assane Sy

Editors

Tony Roberts

Research Fellow

Wairagala Wakabi

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Publication details

published by
Institute of Development Studies
doi
10.19088/IDS.2025.068
isbn
978-1-80470-310-6
language
en

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