Zimbabwe’s land reform from 2000 transferred around 20% of the country’s land from white-owned commercial farms to smallholder (A1) and medium-scale (A2) farmers. This significant restructuring – one of the most radical land redistributions in modern history – continues to shape equity, economic growth, and social transformation in Zimbabwe.
Using an interdisciplinary framework that integrates livelihood studies and agrarian political economy, the study examines five interrelated themes:
- Winners and Losers: Identifying patterns of wealth accumulation and social differentiation over time.
- Investment and Economic Growth: Evaluating the impact of on- and off-farm investments on local economies.
- Labour and Social Change: Understanding shifts in labour regimes, particularly concerning gender and generational dynamics.
- Land Use and Environment: Investigating climate adaptation and resource tenure following land reform.
- Political Economy: Assessing interactions between rural communities, political elites, and economic capital.
This study builds on 25 years of data, tracking around 2,500 households across four districts: Mazowe, Gutu, Masvingo and Matobo. By comparing outcomes in land reform areas with those in communal lands, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of Zimbabwe’s agrarian transition.
The study employs mixed methods, including longitudinal household surveys, targeted surveys of young people to assess generational change, and satellite imagery to evaluate environmental impacts. Biographical studies at individual, household, and community levels will provide insight into long-term transformations. Additionally, research on small-town economies will explore agricultural linkages to urban development. A political economy analysis will assess economic conditions, state interventions, and elite involvement in land reform outcomes. Studies of tenure arrangements will contrast informal, community-driven land use practices with government-imposed policies.
Findings will be compiled into a book, journal articles, policy briefs and blogs. Dissemination workshops will engage with policymakers, researchers and local communities.
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