

The Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy (K4DD) Programme supports the use of learning and evidence to improve the impact of development and diplomacy policy and programmes.
It provides the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) with rapid synthesis of evidence and learning events on a wide range of topics including climate, health, education, conflict and more. Funded by FCDO, it is delivered by a consortium of leading development and diplomacy research groups.
Recent work
publications
This K4DD Rapid Bibliography summarises key literature on the sustainability of the GCC’s water resources. The paper covers four themes: the overall sustainability of existing water resources; issues of inequality of access to water; transboundary water resources; and lastly, the…
11 August 2025
publications
This K4DD Briefing Note provides an overview of where land use and climate change programming, which focuses on governance and supply chains, can deliver adaptation benefits, and where there are risks of maladaptive outcomes for forest-based communities. This Briefing Note…
11 August 2025
Opinion
Pakistan is urbanising at an increasingly rapid rate – as of 2023, almost 40% of the population lived in urban areas. This poses major challenges, in relation to such things as housing, essential services, pollution, and security. However, it also…
28 July 2025
publications
This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review is the second of two literature reviews scoping issues of state fragility, climate change, peacebuilding and security. The review draws on a mix of academic and grey literature. Where the first review (Rapid Evidence Review…
07 July 2025
publications
This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review privileges recent evidence, drawing on academic literature, national government energy strategies, published NDC commitments to the Paris Agreement, and relevant grey literature, including from multilateral agencies such as the IEA, to provide an overview of…
30 June 2025
publications
This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review explores the potential of tourism to protect nature or restore natural lands. Sustainable tourism aims to conserve biodiversity, respect local cultural heritage and values, and to evenly distribute socioeconomic benefits from tourism revenues, for example,…
30 June 2025
Opinion
The UK Government set out in January 2025 a ‘blueprint to turbocharge’ AI use. But the principles that guide international and state actors’ use of artificial intelligence (AI) have – and continue to be – at the centre of global conversations.…
23 June 2025
publications
This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review explores the current state of bioeconomy development in Uganda. There is limited evidence reviewing the life-cycle development of many nascent bioeconomy industries, and limited evidence to demonstrate directly attributable nature positive outcomes. There is more…
14 May 2025
People