This report documents the findings of the Institute of Development Studies’(IDS) and its partner, Praxis Institute for Participatory Practices’, programme of research, learning and evaluation of the Freedom Fund funded operational work in a ‘modern slavery hotspot’ in northern India to reduce the prevalence of bonded labour in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Research was undertaken in this programme between 2014 and 2018 by IDS and Praxis Institute teams in both states.