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Fuzzy Entitlements and Common Property Resources: Struggles Over Rights to Communal Land in Namibia

Published by: IDS

This paper addresses some conceptual difficulties of applying the entitlement approach to contexts such as common property regimes, where overlapping institutions or groups of individuals all exert valid claims over a single resource endowment, and where claims on resources are socially sanctioned rather than legally enforceable.

When Livestock are Good for the Environment: Benefit Sharing of Environmental Goods and Services

Published by: IDS

Livestock producers are coming in for increasing criticism world-wide on the grounds that livestock production is bad for the environment. But the environmental consequences vary widely, depending on the specific local circumstances.

Does European Aid Work? An Ethiopian Case Study

Published by: IDS

The future of European aid is being hotly debated. This paper presents the results of a major evaluation of EU aid to Ethiopia over the period from 1976 to 1994. It concludes that the effectiveness of aid has varied. Some, perhaps most, 'worked', but some did not - for reasons partly internal to Ethiopia and partly internal to the EU.

Skill, Trade and International Inequality

Published by: IDS

Heckscher-Ohlin trade theory suggests that greater openness enlarges inter-country differences in stocks of skill (or human capital), which new growth theory suggests would cause inter-country divergence of per capita incomes.

Sustainability and Institutions: Catchwords or a New Agenda for Ecologically Sound Development?

Published by: IDS

This paper argues that the term 'sustainability' is indeterminate, and therefore useless, or even counterproductive, as a concept or guideline for development. The experience of environmental NGOs in Peru is used as an example to illustrate the analysis.

Democratization in the South: The Jagged Wave

Published by: Manchester University Press

This book explores the political dynamics of the recent wave of democratization in developing societies. Within a broad comparative perspective, the book focuses on the particular experience of four countries - South Korea, Ghana, Zambia and Chile.

Ownership in the Finnish Aid Programme: Report of Evaluation Study

The 'ownership agenda' is concerned with the question of who controls and influences aid projects. The objective is to improve the quality of aid by giving more influence to the intended 'end users': both people and institutions in recipient rather than donor nations, and the unorganised poor in recipient nations rather than organised (government) bureaucracies.

Second Nature

West Africa's transition zone is one of the world's most ecologically fragile areas and is widely assumed to be experiencing a deforestation crisis. For a century experts have held villagers responsible.

The Power of Participation: PRA and Policy

Published by: IDS

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) has much to offer the policy-making process. It provides a way to give poor people a voice, enabling them to express and analyse their problems and priorities. Used well, it can generate important and often surprising insights which can contribute to policies which are better fitted to serving the needs of the poor

An Agenda for the World Food Summit

Published by: IDS

The 1996 World Food Summit is an opportunity for heads of state to make binding commitments to end world hunger. It is an achievable goal, but hard choices will have to be made.